{"id":3074,"date":"2023-11-20T17:46:07","date_gmt":"2023-11-20T17:46:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cyprushandsurgery.com\/?page_id=3074"},"modified":"2026-08-16T23:33:01","modified_gmt":"2026-08-16T20:33:01","slug":"rheumatoid-arthritis","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cyprushandsurgery.com\/el\/conditions-and-treatments\/rheumatoid-arthritis\/","title":{"rendered":"\u03a1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c2 \u0391\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>body.page-id-3074 .fusion-page-title-bar{display:none!important}.chs-detail{--navy:#102c4c;--blue:#1f5f9f;--sky:#eaf3f8;--orange:#ef8b3d;--ink:#152333;--muted:#607080;--line:#dce7ee;font-family:Mulish,Arial,sans-serif;color:var(--ink);line-height:1.7}.chs-detail *{box-sizing:border-box}.chs-detail a{text-decoration:none}.chs-detail .wrap{width:min(1120px,calc(100% - 40px));margin:auto}.chs-detail h1,.chs-detail h2,.chs-detail h3{font-family:\"Barlow Condensed\",Arial,sans-serif;color:var(--navy);line-height:1.08;margin:0}.chs-detail h1{font-size:clamp(52px,6vw,78px)}.chs-detail h2{font-size:clamp(36px,4vw,50px)}.chs-detail h3{font-size:27px}.chs-detail p,.chs-detail li{color:var(--muted);font-size:17px}.chs-detail p{margin:0}.chs-detail .eyebrow{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:9px;color:var(--blue);font-size:12px;font-weight:900;letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase}.chs-detail .eyebrow:before{content:\"\";width:26px;height:2px;background:var(--orange)}.cd-hero{padding:70px 0 65px;background:linear-gradient(120deg,#f7fbfd,#e6f1f7)}.cd-breadcrumb{font-size:13px;color:#728395;margin-bottom:38px}.cd-breadcrumb a{color:var(--blue);font-weight:800}.cd-hero-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.25fr .75fr;gap:70px;align-items:center}.cd-copy{display:grid;gap:22px}.cd-lead{font-size:20px!important;max-width:670px}.cd-hero-art{min-height:370px;border-radius:28px;background:#fff;display:grid;place-items:center;box-shadow:0 22px 60px rgba(16,44,76,.1);overflow:hidden}.cd-hero-art img{width:78%;height:300px;object-fit:contain}.cd-monogram{font-family:\"Barlow Condensed\",Arial,sans-serif;font-size:88px;color:var(--blue);opacity:.28}.cd-actions{display:flex;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap}.cd-btn{display:inline-flex;min-height:50px;padding:0 23px;align-items:center;border-radius:999px;font-weight:900}.cd-primary{background:var(--orange);color:#162536}.cd-outline{border:1px solid #b8cbd8;color:var(--navy);background:#fff}.cd-summary{background:#fff;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.cd-summary-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}.cd-fact{padding:27px 30px;border-right:1px solid var(--line)}.cd-fact:last-child{border:0}.cd-fact strong{display:block;color:var(--navy);font-size:14px}.cd-fact span{display:block;color:var(--muted);font-size:13px;margin-top:3px}.cd-body{padding:92px 0;background:#fff}.cd-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 320px;gap:80px;align-items:start}.cd-content{display:grid;gap:70px}.cd-section{display:grid;gap:18px;padding-bottom:62px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.cd-section:last-child{border:0;padding-bottom:0}.cd-section ul,.cd-section ol{margin:0;padding-left:22px;display:grid;gap:9px}.cd-number{color:var(--orange);font-weight:900;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:.12em}.cd-aside{position:sticky;top:35px;display:grid;gap:18px}.cd-card{padding:28px;border-radius:20px;background:var(--navy);color:#fff}.cd-card h3{color:#fff}.cd-card p{color:#c5d6e1;font-size:15px;margin:12px 0 20px}.cd-card a{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;min-height:48px;border-radius:999px;background:var(--orange);color:#172333;font-weight:900}.cd-nav{padding:24px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:20px}.cd-nav strong{display:block;color:var(--navy);margin-bottom:12px}.cd-nav a{display:block;padding:9px 0;color:var(--blue);font-weight:700;font-size:14px}.cd-note{padding:25px;border-left:4px solid var(--orange);background:#fff7f0;border-radius:0 16px 16px 0}.cd-note strong{display:block;color:var(--navy);margin-bottom:4px}.cd-note p{font-size:15px}.cd-cta{padding:75px 0;background:var(--sky)}.cd-cta-box{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:30px}.cd-cta-copy{display:grid;gap:12px}.cd-cta h2{font-size:clamp(38px,4vw,52px)}@media(max-width:850px){.cd-hero-grid,.cd-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:45px}.cd-hero-art{min-height:300px}.cd-aside{position:static}.cd-summary-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.cd-fact{border-right:0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.cd-cta-box{align-items:flex-start;flex-direction:column}.cd-body{padding:70px 0}}@media(max-width:540px){.chs-detail .wrap{width:calc(100% - 28px)}.cd-hero{padding:45px 0}.chs-detail h1{font-size:48px}.cd-lead{font-size:18px!important}.cd-body{padding:58px 0}.cd-content{gap:52px}.cd-section{padding-bottom:48px}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"chs-detail\">\n<section class=\"cd-hero\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"cd-breadcrumb\"><a href=\"\/el\/\">\u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/a> &nbsp;\/&nbsp; <a href=\"\/el\/conditions-and-treatments\/\">\u03a0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/a> &nbsp;\/&nbsp; Rheumatoid Arthritis<\/div>\n<div class=\"cd-hero-grid\">\n<div class=\"cd-copy\"><span class=\"eyebrow\">Hand, wrist &amp; upper-limb care<\/span><\/p>\n<h1>\u03a1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c2 \u0391\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1<\/h1>\n<p class=\"cd-lead\">Arthritis is an inflammatory condition affecting the joints\u2014areas where two cartilage-covered bone surfaces meet to glide smoothly. When inflammation occurs, joints swell and lose their smooth movement, which over time can lead to cartilage wear. Although many types of arthritis exist, rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disease that often presents with morning stiffness, swelling, and fatigue. Notably, around two-thirds of patients experience problems in their wrists and hands.<\/p>\n<div class=\"cd-actions\"><a class=\"cd-btn cd-primary\" href=\"\/el\/contact-us\/\">Request a consultation<\/a><a class=\"cd-btn cd-outline\" href=\"tel:+35797760076\">Call +357 97 760076<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cd-hero-art\"><img class=\"lazyload\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27272%27%20height%3D%27300%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20272%20300%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27272%27%20height%3D%27300%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/cyprushandsurgery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Rheumatoid_Fig11-272x300-1.jpg\" alt=\"Rheumatoid Arthritis illustration\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"cd-summary\">\n<div class=\"wrap cd-summary-grid\">\n<div class=\"cd-fact\"><strong>Typical presentation<\/strong><span>Symptoms vary according to the condition and its severity<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"cd-fact\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><span>Focused clinical examination with appropriate imaging or tests<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"cd-fact\"><strong>\u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/strong><span>An individual plan based on symptoms, function and goals<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"cd-body\">\n<div class=\"wrap cd-layout\">\n<div class=\"cd-content\">\n<section id=\"causes\" class=\"cd-section\"><span class=\"cd-number\">01 \u00b7 CAUSES<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>\u0391\u0399\u03a4\u0399\u0395\u03a3<\/h2>\n<p>In rheumatoid arthritis, the synovium\u2014the tissue lining and lubricating the joints\u2014becomes inflamed and swollen. This inflammation stretches supporting structures such as ligaments and tendons, eventually leading to joint instability and deformity. As the disease progresses, the continued inflammation erodes the cartilage and bone, causing joints to feel hot and appear red. The condition typically affects the wrists and knuckles in a symmetric pattern, meaning both hands are usually involved.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"signs-and-symptoms\" class=\"cd-section\"><span class=\"cd-number\">02 \u00b7 SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>\u03a3\u0397\u039c\u0395\u0399\u0391 \u039a\u0391\u0399 \u03a3\u03a5\u039c\u03a0\u03a4\u03a9\u039c\u0391\u03a4\u0391<\/h2>\n<p>While general arthritis symptoms include stiffness, swelling, and pain, rheumatoid arthritis has some distinct features:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nodules and Lumps:<\/strong> Firm nodules may develop along the fingers or elbows, and soft lumps can form on the back of the hand.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Deformities:<\/strong> Patients may experience finger angulation, Boutonniere deformity (bent middle joint), and Swan-neck deformity (overextended middle joint with a bent fingertip).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Other Issues:<\/strong> Swollen tendons may lead to numbness or tingling (carpal tunnel syndrome), crepitus (a squeaky joint sound), or even joint locking.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"diagnosis\" class=\"cd-section\"><span class=\"cd-number\">03 \u00b7 DIAGNOSIS<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>\u0394\u0399\u0391\u0393\u039d\u03a9\u03a3\u0397<\/h2>\n<p>Diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis involves a comprehensive approach:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Clinical Examination:<\/strong> Your doctor will ask about your symptoms, family history, and the impact on daily activities, and will perform a detailed hand examination.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong> X-rays and sometimes MRI scans are used to identify signs such as joint space narrowing, decreased bone density, and erosions near the joints.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lab Tests:<\/strong> Blood tests such as the rheumatoid factor, sedimentation rate, and anti-CCP (cyclic citrullinated peptide) help confirm the diagnosis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"treatment\" class=\"cd-section\"><span class=\"cd-number\">04 \u00b7 TREATMENT<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>\u0398\u0395\u03a1\u0391\u03a0\u0395\u0399\u0391<\/h2>\n<p>The treatment of rheumatoid arthritis aims to reduce inflammation, relieve pain, and maintain joint function:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Medications:<\/strong> While there is no cure, medications can slow the disease progression.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Team Approach:<\/strong> Optimal care involves collaboration among rheumatologists, hand surgeons, hand therapists, and primary care physicians.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Therapy:<\/strong> Hand therapists provide exercises, splints, and adaptive devices to protect joints during daily activities.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Surgery:<\/strong> In advanced cases or to prevent further damage, surgical interventions may be recommended. Options include removing inflamed tissue, tendon repairs (via transfers or grafts), synovectomy (removing the joint lining), joint replacement, or joint fusion. The choice of procedure depends on the joints involved, the extent of damage, and the patient\u2019s specific needs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"key-takeaways\" class=\"cd-section\"><span class=\"cd-number\">05 \u00b7 KEY TAKEAWAYS<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>\u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span><i><\/i><\/span>\n<div>\n<p>Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic inflammatory disease primarily affecting hand and wrist joints.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><span><i><\/i><\/span>\n<div>\n<p>Diagnosis involves clinical examination, imaging studies, and specific blood tests to confirm inflammation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><span><i><\/i><\/span>\n<div>\n<p>Treatment includes medications, hand therapy, and surgical options to preserve joint function.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"cd-aside\">\n<div class=\"cd-card\">\n<h3>Not sure what is causing your symptoms?<\/h3>\n<p>A specialist consultation can clarify the diagnosis and appropriate next steps.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/el\/contact-us\/\">Arrange an appointment<\/a><\/div>\n<nav class=\"cd-nav\"><strong>On this page<\/strong><a href=\"#causes\">\u0391\u0399\u03a4\u0399\u0395\u03a3<\/a><a href=\"#signs-and-symptoms\">\u03a3\u0397\u039c\u0395\u0399\u0391 \u039a\u0391\u0399 \u03a3\u03a5\u039c\u03a0\u03a4\u03a9\u039c\u0391\u03a4\u0391<\/a><a href=\"#diagnosis\">\u0394\u0399\u0391\u0393\u039d\u03a9\u03a3\u0397<\/a><a href=\"#treatment\">\u0398\u0395\u03a1\u0391\u03a0\u0395\u0399\u0391<\/a><a href=\"#key-takeaways\">\u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/a><\/nav>\n<\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"cd-cta\">\n<div class=\"wrap cd-cta-box\">\n<div class=\"cd-cta-copy\"><span class=\"eyebrow\">Specialist assessment<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Get clarity on your hand symptoms<\/h2>\n<p>Discuss your symptoms and treatment options with Dr. Constantinos Kritiotis.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cd-actions\"><a class=\"cd-btn cd-primary\" href=\"\/el\/contact-us\/\">Request a consultation<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Home &nbsp;\/&nbsp; 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